Moma concrete utopia9/6/2023 Sections of the exhibition highlight specific large-scale projects, including the creation of the new federal capital, New Belgrade, which involved producing multiple housing blocks and civic buildings. Projects highlighted in Toward a Concrete Utopia include Vjenceslav Richter’s Yugoslav Pavilion for Expo 58 in Brussels “Tasked with constructing a socialist society based on ‘self-management’, modern architecture was a key instrument in the implementation of a utopian vision in a perpetual state of emergence many of the featured visionary projects and executed buildings speak to architecture’s aspirational role in terms of both design and social impact,” said MoMA’s statement. Grand public structures like stadia, museums, libraries and educational facilities – as well as private ventures such as hotels and office towers – went up across the country, all with daring forms made possible by advances in concrete construction techniques. A section is dedicated to Yugoslavia’s industrial design output The first part of the exhibition investigates modernisation in the country, and how this led to structural expressionism that spanned from the International Style to brutalism, for buildings intended to improve social standards. Parts of the region were heavily damaged during the second world war, so concerted rebuilding efforts were required, along with major construction projects to assert the new nation’s prowess and ideals. MoMA’s exhibition focuses on the period of advancement during Yugoslavia’s heyday. Smaller rooms across the exhibition focus on the country’s most important architects, including Bogdan Bogdanović and Juraj Nedhardt The region is now spilt into the nations of Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Slovenia, and Montenegro, plus the still-disputed territory of Kosovo. However, following the death of its leader Josip Broz Tito in 1980, the country broke up and subsequently endured bloody wars from 1991 to 2001. Yugoslavia was formed in its entirety after the second world war, joining several socialist republics and provinces across the Balkans peninsula in southeastern Europe. Toward a Concrete Utopia includes more than 400 drawings, models, photographs, and film reels “The exhibition investigates architecture’s capacity to produce a shared civic space and common history in a highly diverse, multiethnic society,” said a statement from MoMA. Spread across the The Robert Menschel Galleries on the museum’s third floor, more than 400 drawings, models, photographs, and film reels present the evolution of Yugoslavia’s built environment as it politically and ideologically positioned itself away from both the Soviet Union and the West. MoMA’s exhibition presents the architecture created during Yugoslavia’s 45 years of existence, including the many monuments built to commemorate the second world war Toward a Concrete Utopia: Architecture in Yugoslavia, 1948-1980 explores the use of building and urban planning to create a national identity for the country during its 45-year existence. The impressive monuments, ambitious masterplans and unrealised visions of architects across socialist former Yugoslavia are the subject of an exhibition at New York’s Museum of Modern Art.
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